Question 1 of 48

3.75 Points

Decondensed chromatin is located within the

A.nucleolus during maintenance              

B.nucleus during cell maintenance          

C.nucleus during cell division     

D.nucleolus during cell division  Reset Selection

 

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Question 2 of 48

3.75 Points

The evil arch-villain Dr. Black Thumb has created a new plant pathogen. The microbe has an enzyme allowing it to quickly convert β 1-4 glycosidic linkages to α 1-4 glycosidic linkages in a whole field of plants. If Dr. Black Thumb’s plan is not thwarted, crop harvests could be ruined due to

A.amylose and amylopectin becoming hard and inedible.            

B.plant starches becoming rigid and popping cell membranes.   

 C.

plants flopping over.

D.polysaccharides converting into monosaccharides.      Reset Selection

 

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Question 3 of 48

3.75 Points

An atom with an atomic mass of 89 and an atomic number of 39 has how many

neutrons?

 A.128   

 B.2        

 C.50     

 D.59      Reset Selection

 

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Question 4 of 48

3.75 Points

What factors allow a pool of 20 amino acids to produce thousands of unique proteins? (Select all that apply.)

 A. variation in length of amino acid backbone   

 B. each protein is encoded by a distinct gene    

 C. variation in tertiary structure               

 D. variations in which amino acids are used        

 E. variations in glycosidic linkage              

 F. variations in the type of peptide bond             

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Question 5 of 48

3.75 Points

_________________ prevent material from moving in or out of the brain’s capillaries

A.Desmosomes               

B.Plasmodesmatas         

C.Gap junctions               

D.Tight junctions              Reset Selection

 

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Question 6 of 48

3.75 Points

Cardiac muscle requires junctions that allow electrical signals through. Cardiac muscle also relies on calcium to contract. What junction is involved and what organelle stores calcium?

A.desmosomes, smooth ER       

B.plasmodesmata, rough ER      

C.gap, smooth ER            

D.tight, rough ER              Reset Selection

 

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Question 7 of 48

3.75 Points

The building blocks of nucleic acids are

A.sugars.            

B.nucleotides.  

C.peptides.        

D.nitrogenous bases.     Reset Selection

 

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Question 8 of 48

3.75 Points

Which statements describe sodium atoms? Select all that apply.

 A. forms cations             

 B. closest to the left side of the periodic table  

 C. easily forms covalent bonds 

 D. contains 1 valence electron  

 E. has 2 electrons in the first energy level           

 F. can lose one electron easily  

 G. outer energy level is stable  

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Question 9 of 48

3.75 Points

If an integrin protein is mutated what cell function might be affected?

A.communication between cytoskeleton and proteglycan           

B.fluidity of phospholipids          

C.cellular motility            

D.cytoplasmic communication    Reset Selection

 

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Question 10 of 48

3.75 Points

Buffers are important for doing experiments in labs, but they are not relevant to living systems.

 True

 False

Reset Selection

 

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Question 11 of 48

3.75 Points

The cell theory states

A.all cells will contain DNA, all cells are the smallest living things that can divide and all organisms are composed of cells 

B.all organisms are composed of multiple cells, all cells arise spontaneously and all cells require nutrients             

C.all cells are the smallest living things, all organisms are composed of one or more cells and all cells arise spontaneously               

D.all organisms are composed of one or more cells, all cells are the smallest living things and all cells arise from other cells                Reset Selection

 

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Question 12 of 48

3.75 Points

Hiking in the snowy woods, you peek inside a cave and encounter a hibernating grizzly bear! Its metabolic rate seems to be very low. What do you predict is the predominant type of reaction occurring in this bear?

A.fatty acid anabolism  

B.carbohydrate catabolism         

C.carbohydrate anabolism          

D.fatty acid catabolism  Reset Selection

 

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Question 13 of 48

3.75 Points

Rosenberg, a chemist, was observing the effects of an electric field on bacterial growth. He observed that bacteria stopped dividing when in an electric field. This research led to the anti-cancer drug cisplatin, a platinum containing compound. Rosenberg’s discovery was an example of 

science.

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Question 14 of 48

3.75 Points

Enzymes are catalysts in reactions. What statements describe functions of enzymes? Select all that apply.

 A. Enzymes are specific in their actions.               

 B. Once an enzyme binds to a substrate, it cannot be used again.            

 C. Enzymes lower the energy of activation needed for a reaction            

 D. Enzymes change the amount of free energy produced           

 E. Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature.       

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Question 15 of 48

3.75 Points

In biological macromolecules like proteins, the hydrophobic residues tend to clump together in the interior of the folded structure. What is the best explanation for why this occurs?

A.Polar residues tend to bind to water in the cytoplasm as well as to each other. The water and polar residues cannot bind to the hydrophobic ones, so in the lowest energy state the hydrophobic residues are pushed together in the middle.   

B.Protein folding machinery interprets the amino acid code to pack hydrophobic residues into the center of proteins. This process must be important, because the cell expends large amounts of ATP to precisely coordinate protein folding.

C.Hydrophobic residues bind to each other in specific ways. For instance, Ala forms di-methyl bonds, and phenylalanine binds isoleucine. This creates a tightly bound hydrophobic inner core.   

D.Hydrophobic residues bind each other, while polar residues cannot bind each other. Therefore the hydrophobic ones end up stuck to each other in the core of the protein.    Reset Selection

 

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Question 16 of 48

3.75 Points

If two solutions are different, the one will the higher concentration of solutes is

A.isotonic           

B.hypertonic     

C.hypotonic        Reset Selection

 

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Question 17 of 48

3.75 Points

You are designing a museum exhibit to teach people about cells. In the entrance to the exhibit, visitors riding a moving walkway under flashing lights will gradually “shrink” down in size. To create this illusion, visitors will pass giant models of various biological parts, accompanied by scale bars.

Match each model to the appropriate scale bar to go with it.

A. 1 μm

B. 1nm

C. 10μm

D. 1cm

E. 1m

F. 0.1 nm

                1. Carbon atom

                2. cell nucleus

                3. DNA molecule (10bp)

                4. human being

                5. human eyeball

                6. skin cell

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Question 18 of 48

3.75 Points

The fluid mosaic model describes membranes as fluid due to

A.phospholipids sporadically placed throughout the membrane               

B.the membrane is mostly composed of water 

C.the proteins and the phospholipids can move laterally throughout the membrane      

D.higher amounts of cholesterol              

E.higher amounts of cholesterol               Reset Selection

 

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Question 19 of 48

3.75 Points

Cholera kills over 100,000 people each year worldwide due to diarrhea. The cholera toxin opens the CFTR chloride channel in the intestines, so that sufferers lose chloride, sodium and massive amounts of water.

On the other hand, the same CFTR channel is mutated in cystic fibrosis patients. With activity too LOW, they lack chloride flow and mucus builds up in the lungs.

This illustrates the importance of precise control of channel opening, known as

____________regulation.

A.gated               

B.ungated          

C.passive             Reset Selection

 

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Question 20 of 48

3.75 Points

When viewing the shape of a human cheek cell, what microscope would most likely be used?

A.light  

B.dissecting       

C.transmission electron               

D.scanning electron        Reset Selection

 

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Question 21 of 48

3.75 Points

At a meal, you are served a hamburger with cheese, onions, and beef on a bun. What ingredients represent the most carbohydrates? Select all that apply.

 A. beef               

 B. bun 

 C. onion             

 D. cheese          

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Question 22 of 48

3.75 Points

Estrogen and testosterone are structurally related to cholesterol. Based on what you have learned about cholesterol, predict how these steroid hormones signal to the cell.

A.They are phagocytosed, degraded, and then released into the cell.    

B.They make the membrane so fluid that small pores appear, allowing them to pass through.    

C.They diffuse directly through the plasma membrane and into the cell.               

D.They bind to receptors on the outside of the membrane, which then activate an intracellular signaling cascade.                Reset Selection

 

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Question 23 of 48

3.75 Points

Noncompetitive inhibition occurs when

A.a substance binds at the activity site  

B.a substance binds on a site away from the active site 

C.denaturing an enzyme             

D.increasing the activity of an enzyme   Reset Selection

 

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Question 24 of 48

3.75 Points

Organisms must use macromolecules that have properties to match their functional requirements. In the list below, choose the appropriate macromolecule whose properties meet the requirement.

A. glycogen

B. RNA

C. DNA

D. cellulose

E. starch

                1. Requirement:

Strong cell walls

 

Properties:

Linear polymer rigid and strong

                2. Requirement

Stable storage of information

 

Properties:

4 base pairs, not easily hydrolyzed

                3. Requirement:

Energy storage for seeds

Properties:

Energy-rich polysaccharides

                4. Requirement:

Short-term energy storage (animals)

Properties:

Energy-rich polysaccharide

                5. Requirement:

Transient transmission of information

Properties:

4 base pairs, easily hydrolyzed

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Question 25 of 48

3.75 Points

Membrane proteins are able to cross because sections are composed of

A.nonpolar phosphate regions 

B.hydrophilic amino acids.           

C.hydrophobic amino acids         

D.polar amino acids        

E.hydrophilic phosphate regions               Reset Selection

 

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Question 26 of 48

3.75 Points

The shape of the cell is predominantly maintained by the

A.plasma membrane     

B.cytoskeleton 

C.cytoplasm      

D.endomembrane system           Reset Selection

 

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Question 27 of 48

3.75 Points

What is the function of cholesterol in plasma membranes?

A.allows ions to pass     

B.regulates pH 

C.promotesartherosclerosis       

D.regulates fluidity          Reset Selection

 

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Question 28 of 48

3.75 Points

When donating blood, hemoglobin levels are measured by using a narrow glass tube to obtain blood from a finger prick. The blood is pulled up the tube by _____________________.

A.cohesiveness               

B.covalent bonds            

C.hydrophobic interactions        

D.hydrogen bonds         

E.ionic bonds     Reset Selection

 

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Question 29 of 48

3.75 Points

What protein is matched with its function?

A.aquaporins – move water through the membrane by active transport               

B.carrier protein – nonspecific and will allow material to pass directly through    

C.channel protein – allow passage of material through the hydrophilic pore        

D.transport proteins – allow passage of material with the aid of ATP

 

Reset Selection

 

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Question 30 of 48

3.75 Points

C6H12O6 + 6O2 à 6H2O + 6CO2 is an example of ________________.

 

A.catabolism     

B.anabolism      

C.synthesis         Reset Selection

 

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Question 31 of 48

3.75 Points

Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14 are examples of

 

A.isomers           

B.molecules      

C.ions   

D.isotopes         

E.enantiomers  Reset Selection

 

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Question 32 of 48

3.75 Points

What statement(s) describes a concentration gradient?

 A. Oxygen in blood plasma is .31 per 100 ml. Oxygen carried with hemoglobin is .69 per 100 ml. 

 B. Extracellular fluid contains 13.5 mmol of calcium, and 9 mmol of calcium is in the plasma.        

 C. The temperature inside the car is 39 degrees Celsius and the temperature outside the care is 39 degree Celsius.        

 D. Red blood cells cytoplasm contains a 0.9% salt solution. The extracellular fluid is 1.0%.             

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Question 33 of 48

3.75 Points

How can ice float?

A.the covalent bonds expand, decreasing density           

B.the hydrogen bonds expand, decreasing density         

C.the covalent bonds collapse, increasing density            

D.the hydrogen bonds collapse, increasing density          Reset Selection

 

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Question 34 of 48

3.75 Points

Which of the following form the foundation of plasma membranes?

A.Glycoproteins              

B.Fatty acids      

C.Glycolipids     

D.Phospholipids              

E.Proteins           Reset Selection

 

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Question 35 of 48

3.75 Points

You and your roommate are grocery shopping. “I don’t get it,” she says. “My doctor said I should buy this special milk because I don’t digest it well. But this brand says ‘lactose-free’ and this brand says ‘lactase added’ – which do I want?”

You reply: “The

_______________ is a sugar in milk that you have trouble digesting, and

_________________ is an enzyme that will digest it for you.

A.lactase, lactose            

B.lactose,lactase              Reset Selection

 

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Question 36 of 48

3.75 Points

If sodium does not move down its gradient in the co-transport pump, what would be the outcome?

A.Sugar would not be affected 

B.Sugar would not be able to move down the gradient 

C.Sugar would not be able to move up the gradient         Reset Selection

 

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Question 37 of 48

3.75 Points

When phospholipids are placed in water, why does a bilayer form?

A.Phospholipids are naturally attracted to each other, forcing phosphate heads to face the aqueous areas.        

B.The fatty acid tails are forced together away from the water, and water can create hydrogen bonds with the phosphate heads. 

C.Lipids are hydrophilic and will from hydrogen bonds with the water, forcing the hydrophobic heads towards the middle of the bilayer.        

D.The polar tails will be attracted to the water and the nonpolar heads will be attracted to each other.   Reset Selection

 

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Question 38 of 48

3.75 Points

To break chemical bonds to start a chemical reaction, ___________ energy is needed.

A.kinetic             

B.potential         

C.activation       

D.free   Reset Selection

 

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Question 39 of 48

3.75 Points

The microbiologist Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization, created vaccines for anthrax and rabies, and helped explain the germ theory of disease. He is often quoted as saying, “Chance favors the prepared mind.” A more accurate translation from the French, however, is “Where observation is concerned, chance favors only the prepared mind.” What can you conclude about Pasteur’s attitude about the role of chance in scientific discovery?

A.He thought that chance events are only useful if someone is intelligent enough to understand what happened.          

B.He thought that observation of something unique doesn’t do any good if the scientist is not prepared to interpret and follow up on the chance discovery, due to a habit of studious work.       

C.He thought you would have to be lucky to notice a chance event.        

D.He thought that chance is the main determinant of who is successful in science, so all you can do is hope you get lucky.                Reset Selection

 

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Question 40 of 48

3.75 Points

A tarantula has eight legs, an arachnid in the order Araneae. A grass spider has eight legs, an arachnid in the order Araneaa. A mouse spider has eight legs, an arachnid in the order Araneae. There is a pattern. All organisms in this order have eight legs. This is 

 

reasoning

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Question 41 of 48

3.75 Points

In a chocolate bar with nuts and caramel, there are 12 grams of fat, 33 grams of carbohydrates and 4 grams of protein. What percentage of calories comes from fat?

 A.6.5%

 B.19%  

 C.53%  

 D.41      Reset Selection

 

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Question 42 of 48

3.75 Points

Normal (homeostatic) pH level of blood serum’s pH is around 7.4. Carbonic acid is released in the blood to help maintain a pH that has high hydroxyl levels. This would cause pH to change from

A.basic to acidic               

B.basic to neutral            

C.neutral to basic            

D.acidic to 7.4   

E.basic to 7.4      Reset Selection

 

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Question 43 of 48

3.75 Points

What is the pathway in which a protein moves through the endomembrane system?

A.rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, transport vesicle, plasma membrane  

B.plasma membrane, transport vesicle, Golgi apparatus, rough ER           

C.rough ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane           

D.smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane        Reset Selection

 

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Question 44 of 48

3.75 Points

Molecules move from a high to low concentration in

A.isotonic solutions        

B.hypotonic solutions   

C.hypertonic solutions  

D.diffusion         

E.osmosis            Reset Selection

 

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Question 45 of 48

3.75 Points

What examples describe the second law of thermodynamics? Select all that apply.

 A. A penny will fall when you pick it up and let it drop.  

 B. A frying pan is on a hot stove. When removed it will cool.      

 C. Ice cubes will melt in a warm room.  

 D. Donuts nutrients are used to help you exercise.        

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Question 46 of 48

3.75 Points

 

Researchers are working to develop biofuels to free us from dependence on fossil fuels. Based on what you know about cellulose, what do you predict are the major advantage and disadvantage of using cellulose-rich plant material as biofuel?

A.There is not much energy in the glycosidic bonds of cellulose, but at least there is a lot of it.   

B.There is not much energy in the peptide bonds of cellulose, but at least it is very easy to break down

C.The breakdown of cellulose into fructose is an endergonic reaction, but an enzyme can reverse the equilibrium.          

D.Cellulose is very difficult to break down into glucose, but it contains a lot of energy.    Reset Selection

 

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Question 47 of 48

3.75 Points

The impermeability of cell plasma membranes is a major barrier to using drugs to kill tumor cells or affect cells transgenically. CPPs are peptides that were discovered to have the ability to transport themselves (and even attached cargo) into cells. How they get into cells is still a mystery, but CPPs all have multiple positively charged groups. Which of the following membrane components are they most likely to be interacting with?

A.cholesterol    

B.intrinsic membrane proteins  

C.phospholipid heads   

D.phospholipid tails        Reset Selection

 

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Question 48 of 48

3.75 Points

Which of the following is an example of an aliphatic hydrocarbon?

A.Benzene         

B.Estrogen         

C.Cholesterol    

 

D.Methane         

 

Chapter 10

Subaru’s Sales Boom Thanks to the Weaker Yen For the Japanese carmaker Subaru, a sharp fall in the value of yen against the U.S. dollar has turned a problem—the lack of U.S. production—into an unexpected sales boom. Subaru, which is a niche player in the global auto industry, has long bucked the trend among its Japanese rivals of establishing significant manufacturing facilities in the North American market. Instead, the company has chosen to concentrate most of its manufacturing in Japan in order to achieve economies of scale at its home plants, exporting its production to the United States. Subaru still makes 80 percent of its vehicles at home, compared with 21 percent for Honda. Back in 2012, this strategy was viewed as something of a liability. In those days, one U.S. dollar bought only 80 Japanese yen. The strong yen meant that Subaru cars were being priced out of the U.S. market. Japanese companies like Honda and Toyota, which had substantial production in the United States, gained business at Subaru’s expense. But from 2012 onward, with Japan mired in recession and consumer prices falling, the country’s central bank repeatedly cut interest rates in an attempt to stimulate the economy. As interest rates fell in Japan, investors moved money out of the country, selling yen and buying the U.S. dollar. They used those dollars to invest in U.S. stocks and bonds where they anticipated a greater return. As a consequence, the price of yen in terms of dollars fell. By December 2015, one dollar bought 120 yen, representing a 50 percent fall in the value of the yen against the U.S. dollar since 2012.    For Subaru, the depreciation in the value of the yen has given it a pricing advantage and driven a sales boom. Demand for Subaru cars in the United States has been so strong that the automaker has been struggling to keep up. The profits of Subaru’s parent company, Fuji Heavy Industries, have surged. In February 2015, Fuji announced that it would earn record operating profits of around ¥410 billion ($3.5 billion) for the financial year ending March 2015. Subaru’s profit margin has increased to 14.4 percent, compared with 5.6 percent for Honda, a company that is heavily dependent on U.S. production. The good times continued in 2015, with Subaru posting record profits in the quarter ending December 31, 2015. Despite its current pricing advantage, Subaru is moving to increase its U.S. production. It plans to expand its sole plant in the United States, in Indiana, by March 2017, with a goal of making 310,000 a year, up from 200,000 currently. When asked why it is doing this, Subaru’s management notes that the yen will not stay weak against the dollar forever, and it is wise to expand local production as a hedge against future increases in the value of the yen. Indeed, when the Bank of Japan decided to set a key interest rate below zero in early February 2016, the yen started to appreciate against the U.S. dollar, presumably on expectations that negative interest rates would finally help stimulate Japan’s sluggish economy. By late March 2016, the yen had appreciated against the dollar and was trading at $1=112 yen. Sources: Chang-Ran Kim, “Subaru-Maker, Fuji Heavy Lifts Profit View on Rosy US Sales, Weak Yen,” Reuters, February 3, 2015; Yoko Kubota, “Why Subaru’s Profit Is Surging,” The Wall Street Journal, November 14, 2014; Doron Levin, “Subaru Profit Soaring on Weaker Yen,” Market Watch, November 15, 2014; Y. Kubato, “Weaker Yen Drives Subaru Maker’s Profit Higher,” The Wall Street Journal, February 4, 2016. Page 294 Case

Questions

 Why do you think that historically, Subaru chose to export production from Japan, rather than set up manufacturing facilities in the United States like its Japanese rivals? 

What are the currency risks associated with Subaru’s export strategy?

 What are the potential benefits?  Why did Subaru’s sales and profits surge in 2014 and 2015? Is Subaru wise to expand its U.S. production capacity?

What other strategies could the company use to hedge against adverse changes in exchange rates? What are the pros and cons of the different hedging strategies Subaru might adopt? 

PreviousNext
 

We need to understand what we are trying to achieve from a strategy side to develop the operations management to support the strategy–right?! ????‍♀️ Too many times, we start doing a bunch of things (that are all great things) but they do not align with the business strategy.

Operations is the “execution” arm of strategy. What say you?

What are the signs of benzodiazepine toxicity?  How is it treated?

How do local anesthetics work? Why are vasoconstrictors often used with local anesthetics?

Why are local anesthetics with epinephrine not used near toes, fingers, noses, ears, or penis?  Describe balanced anesthesia.

What is the mechanism of action of inhaled anesthetics?

Describe minimum alveolar concentration.

Name 3 adverse effects of general anesthetics and the nursing care appropriate to help with these effects.

4.     Name two classes of medications used to treat ADHD.

5.     What is the difference between drug abuse and drug addiction.

6.     What is the difference between opioid tolerance and physical dependence?

7.     What class of medications is first line treatment for alcohol withdrawal?

8.     Name two non-nicotine drugs used to aid in smoking cessation

9.     What are the signs of opioid withdrawal?

What are some medical uses of marijuana or cannabinoids

  

Write a brief 1-2 paragraph weekly reflection addressing the questions posed in the Reflect section of each weekly module. Edit your Reflection to include each weekly reflection.

Include the following sections in your Reflection.

Week 1

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

What do you need to heighten your informatics competencies to positively impact patient safety, quality care, and complement your role as a DNP Scholar?

What do you value the most about your learning this week?

Week 2

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

How will you promote collaborative, inter-professional relationships in a rapidly transforming healthcare environment?

What do you value most about your learning this week?

Week 3

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

What new skills or competencies should you consider after the learning this week?

What do you value most about your learning this week?

Week 4

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

What concepts, theories, models, tools, techniques, and resources in this week had you not considered before?

What do you value most about your learning this week?

Week 5

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

How might you use this week’s information to benefit your organization and staff in your future role as a DNP practice scholar?

What do you value most about your learning this week?

Week 6

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

What skills do you need to implement the concepts learned this week and how will you develop them?

What do you value most about your learning this week?

Week 7

As you assess your learning, provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives.

What skills do you need to implement the concepts learned this week and how will you develop them?

What do you value most about your learning this week?